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Configuring quotas requires the following steps: enabling quotas on a volume, config uring default quota settings, and configuring quota entries for exceptions to the default. Quotas are disabled by default in Windows Server 2003, and must be enabled on a volume-by-volume basis. To enable quotas, open the properties of the volume and click the Quota tab. The Quota properties of a volume are shown in Figure 11-6.

Most documentation suggests opening the properties of the volume from Explorer, by right-clicking a drive and choosing Properties. Unfortunately, that process limits you to config uring quotas for lettered volumes only; Explorer cannot display the Quota tab for a volume mounted to a folder path. Therefore, it is recommended that you configure quotas from Disk Management. The Disk Management tool allows you to open the properties of any volume and access its Quota tab.

Select the Enable Quota Management check box. If you want to deny users who have exceeded their limit the ability to write additional files to the volume, select Deny Disk Space To Users Exceeding Quota Limit. If this box is not selected, users can continue to write to the volume.

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Figure 11-6

Quotas are managed in two ways: first, by quota entries for specific users, setting a storage limit for each user (or setting no limit for a user), and second, by default quota settings that apply to all users for whom a quota entry does not exist. On the Quota tab, you can configure the default quota settings. Configure a default limit or no limit that will apply to as many users as possible, so that you can minimize the num ber of quota entries you must create for users whose limits are different from this default. Note that you can configure the disk space limit as well as a warning level, which should obviously be lower than the limit. Finally, specify logging options. Quota manager registers events in the System log, identifying the user by name and specifying that they have exceeded their warning or quota limits. After configuring the defaults for the volume on the Quota tab, click Quota Entries to open the Quota Entries dialog box, as shown in Figure 11-7.

Administrators have No Limit configured as their quota entry. That enables administrators to install the operating system, services, applications, and data without exceeding a quota.

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Figure 11-7

Click the New, Quota Entry button on the toolbar or choose New Quota Entry on the Quota menu, and you can select one or more users for which to create a quota entry. It is unfortunate that Windows Server 2003 does not allow you to assign quota entries based on groups (as most third-party quota management tools do), but in the Select Users dialog box you can at least select multiple users before clicking OK. The limits you configure in the Add New Quota Entry dialog box will apply to all selected users, individually.

If you want to apply the same quota entries to another NTFS volume, you can export the entries and import them to the other volume. Select one or more quota entries and, on the Quota menu, click Export. On the other volume, choose Import.

The Quota Entries dialog box displays disk storage per user and whether that storage is at or above warning levels or limits. You can sort by column to identify users who have exceeded their quota levels or limits. There is no mechanism to alert you about quota limits, so you must monitor the Quota Entries dialog box or the System Log in Event Viewer.

Disk Quotas can be implemented per-volume and per-user only. You cannot implement quotas on a per-folder or per-group basis.